The East Asians and the Mongoloid race.

 The East Asians and the Mongoloid race.

This group is dedicated to the Armenians but given that various subjects are discussed that are indirectly related to IE and thus Armenian origins so let's take a broader view on Eurasia. Another reason to discuss the East Asian genetics is related to our two neighbouring countries who speaks Turkic languages that came from the aforementioned region.

After it's initial spread in Eurasia (45.000years ago) humans divided into two major groups. East Eurasians living east of Himalayan mountains and West Eurasians.

Initially both groups were close genetically. Ancient DNA confirmed it. But after the Last Glacial Maximum, thus 20.000 years ago in East Asia new drifted group formed which had Mongoloid phenotype. It formed as a result of evolution and not migration. Today those people are known as Mongoloid race, while West Eurasians are known as Caucasoid or Europoid race.

The East Asian ancestry formed in northern central China / Amur region. The main Y DNA associated with them are the N, O and C2. See the attached maps. The haplogroup Q living in Paleolithic Siberia had West Eurasian origin and was initially associated with people having Caucasoid phenotype. The main population associated with them is known as ANE. Ancient North Eurasian which do not exist anymore.

Amerindians formed as a result of mixture of "caucasoid" ANE and old Mongoloids in Far East. Even though their most important Y DNA remained the "western" Q1. They settled in America some 15.000 years ago.

At some point number of important innovations occured in East Asia providing a competitive advantage to them. One of oldest potteries are found in Amur region , north China dated between 12.000-18.000 years before present. Some 7000-8000 years ago the haplogroup N moved from Mongolia to "Caucasoid" Siberia starting a large migration and conquest which reached modern Finland and Europe. Today the highest level of haplogroup N are found in Uralic speakers, who's homeland was probably in east of Uralic mountains. Turkic speakers also have the N haplogroup but in a lesser degree. Haplogroup O expansion was more related to farming invention in China. Both in south (rice) and north (millet) China. They had large expansion to southern regions, replacing there Black people related to Aborigenes, Onge and Papua. And finally the haplogroup C2 initially restricted solely to Amur region had a dramatic expansion in Current Era related to Mongols and Evenk (Tungusic) speakers.

Here is the complete list of linguistic families that expanded from East Eurasia spreading genes associated with Mongoloid race in the rest of the world. You can see the autosomal impact in 4th map. It's probably a little bit exaggerated but overall give an impression of the scale of this expansions.

+ Uralic

+ Turkic

+ Mongolic

+ Evenks also known as Tungussic

+ Sino-Tibetan , the most famous member is the Chinese

+ Austro-Asiatic that reached India.

+ Austronesian stretched from Madagascar to Easter island in Pacific via Indonesia.

I will dedicate separate threads to some linguistic families that are interesting from the Armenian history perspective